Ubwino wa Ulusi wa Galasi mu Zipangizo Zamankhwala Zogwiritsa Ntchito Graphite

Graphite imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zamakemikolo chifukwa cha kukana dzimbiri, mphamvu zamagetsi, komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha. Komabe, graphite imakhala ndi mphamvu zofooka zamakanika, makamaka ikakhudzidwa ndi kugwedezeka.Ulusi wagalasi, monga chinthu chophatikizika bwino kwambiri, imapereka ubwino waukulu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zida za mankhwala zopangidwa ndi graphite chifukwa cha kukana kutentha, kukana dzimbiri, komanso mphamvu zake zapamwamba zamakanika. Ubwino wake ndi monga:

(1) Kugwira Ntchito Kwabwino kwa Makina

Mphamvu yokoka ya ulusi wagalasi imatha kufika 3,450 MPa, yoposa kwambiri ya graphite, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 10 ndi 20 MPa. Mwa kuyika ulusi wagalasi muzinthu za graphite, magwiridwe antchito onse a makina a zida amatha kukwera kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kukana kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka.

(2) Kukana Kudzimbiritsa

Ulusi wagalasi umasonyeza kukana bwino kwambiri ma asidi ambiri, alkali, ndi zosungunulira. Ngakhale kuti graphite yokha ndi yolimba kwambiri pa dzimbiri,ulusi wagalasiZingapereke ntchito yabwino kwambiri m'malo ovuta kwambiri a mankhwala, monga kutentha kwambiri ndi kupanikizika kwambiri, mlengalenga wowonjezera okosijeni, kapena malo okhala ndi hydrofluoric acid.

(3) Makhalidwe Abwino a Kutentha

Ulusi wagalasi uli ndi coefficient yotsika kwambiri ya expansion ya kutentha (CTE) ya pafupifupi 5.0 × 10−7/°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukhazikika kwa miyeso pansi pa kutentha. Kuphatikiza apo, malo ake osungunuka kwambiri (1,400–1,600°C) amapereka kukana kutentha kwambiri. Makhalidwe amenewa amalola zida za graphite zolimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wagalasi kuti zisunge mawonekedwe ake ndi magwiridwe antchito m'malo otentha kwambiri komanso osasintha kwambiri.

(4) Ubwino wa Kulemera

Ndi kuchuluka kwa pafupifupi 2.5 g/cm3, ulusi wagalasi ndi wolemera pang'ono kuposa graphite (2.1–2.3g/cm3) koma wopepuka kwambiri kuposa zinthu zachitsulo monga chitsulo kapena aluminiyamu. Kuphatikiza ulusi wagalasi mu zida za graphite kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito popanda kuwonjezera kulemera kwake, zomwe zimasunga mawonekedwe ake opepuka komanso onyamulika.

(5) Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ndalama Moyenera

Poyerekeza ndi zinthu zina zophatikizika bwino (monga ulusi wa kaboni), ulusi wagalasi ndi wotsika mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale wopindulitsa pamafakitale akuluakulu:

Ndalama Zopangira Zinthu Zopangira:Ulusi wagalasimakamaka amagwiritsa ntchito galasi lotsika mtengo, pomwe ulusi wa kaboni umadalira acrylonitrile yokwera mtengo.

Ndalama Zopangira: Zipangizo zonsezi zimafuna kukonza kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, koma kupanga ulusi wa kaboni kumaphatikizapo njira zina zovuta (monga polymerization, oxidation stabilization, carbonization), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zikwere.

Kubwezeretsanso ndi Kutaya: Ulusi wa kaboni ndi wovuta kuubwezeretsanso ndipo umabweretsa zoopsa zachilengedwe ngati sugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zotayira zikwere. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ulusi wagalasi ndi wosavuta kuusamalira komanso woteteza chilengedwe pazochitika zakufa.