Udindo Waukulu wa Silika (SiO2) mu E-Glass

Silika (SiO2) imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri komanso yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zatsopano.Galasi lamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maziko a makhalidwe ake onse abwino. Mwachidule, silika ndi "yomwe imapanga netiweki" kapena "chigoba" cha E-glass. Ntchito yake ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo otsatirawa:

1. Kupanga Kapangidwe ka Netiweki ya Magalasi (Ntchito Yaikulu)

Iyi ndiyo ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya silica. Silika ndi oxide yomwe imapanga galasi yokha. SiO4​ tetrahedra yake imalumikizidwa wina ndi mnzake kudzera mu kulumikizana kwa maatomu a okosijeni, ndikupanga kapangidwe ka netiweki yopitilira, yolimba, komanso yosasinthika ya magawo atatu.

• Fanizo:Izi zili ngati chigoba chachitsulo cha nyumba yomwe ikumangidwa. Silika imapereka chimango chachikulu cha kapangidwe ka galasi lonse, pomwe zinthu zina (monga calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, boron oxide, ndi zina zotero) ndi zinthu zomwe zimadzaza kapena kusintha chigobachi kuti zisinthe magwiridwe antchito.
• Popanda chigoba cha silica ichi, chinthu chokhazikika ngati galasi sichingapangidwe.

2. Kupereka Mphamvu Yabwino Kwambiri Yotetezera Magetsi

• Kukana Magetsi Kwambiri:Silika yokha ili ndi kayendedwe kochepa kwambiri ka ma ion, ndipo chomangira cha mankhwala (Si-O bond) ndi chokhazikika komanso champhamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyika ma ion. Netiweki yopitilira yomwe imapanga imaletsa kwambiri kuyenda kwa magetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti E-glass ikhale yolimba kwambiri komanso kuti isagwedezeke pamwamba.
• Kutayika kwa Dielectric Kosalekeza ndi Kotsika kwa Dielectric:Kapangidwe ka dielectric ka E-glass ndi kokhazikika kwambiri pa ma frequency apamwamba komanso kutentha kwambiri. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kusinthasintha ndi kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe ka netiweki ya SiO2, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale polarization yochepa komanso kutayika pang'ono kwa mphamvu (kusintha kukhala kutentha) m'munda wamagetsi wamagetsi wamagetsi apamwamba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zolimbikitsira mu ma electronic circuit board (PCBs) ndi ma high-voltage insulators.

3. Kuonetsetsa Kuti Mankhwala Ali Okhazikika Bwino

Galasi lamagetsi limalimbana bwino ndi madzi, ma asidi (kupatula hydrofluoric ndi hot phosphoric acid), komanso mankhwala.

• Malo Opanda Mphamvu:Netiweki yolimba ya Si-O-Si ili ndi ntchito yochepa kwambiri ya mankhwala ndipo sichitapo kanthu mosavuta ndi madzi kapena ma H+ ion. Chifukwa chake, kukana kwake kwa hydrolysis ndi kukana asidi ndikwabwino kwambiri. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zinthu zopangidwa ndi ulusi wa E-glass zimasunga magwiridwe antchito awo kwa nthawi yayitali, ngakhale m'malo ovuta.

4. Kupereka Mphamvu Yapamwamba ya Makina

Ngakhale mphamvu yomaliza yaulusi wagalasiimakhudzidwanso kwambiri ndi zinthu monga zolakwika za pamwamba ndi ming'alu yaying'ono, mphamvu zawo zamaganizo zimachokera makamaka ku ma bond amphamvu a Si-O covalent ndi kapangidwe ka netiweki ya magawo atatu.

• Mphamvu Yogwirizana Kwambiri:Mphamvu ya mgwirizano wa Si-O ndi yokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chigoba cha galasicho chikhale cholimba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ulusiwo ukhale ndi mphamvu yolimba komanso modulus yotanuka.

5. Kupereka Makhalidwe Abwino a Kutentha

• Koyenera Yowonjezera Kutentha Kotsika:Silika yokha ili ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri kwa kutentha. Popeza imagwira ntchito ngati chigoba chachikulu, E-glass ilinso ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwa kutentha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwabwino panthawi ya kusintha kwa kutentha ndipo sizingayambitse kupsinjika kwakukulu chifukwa cha kukula ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha.
• Malo Ofewetsa Kwambiri:Malo osungunuka a Silica ndi okwera kwambiri (pafupifupi 1723∘C). Ngakhale kuti kuwonjezera ma oxide ena ozungulira kumachepetsa kutentha komaliza kwa E-glass, SiO2​ core yake imaonetsetsabe kuti galasilo lili ndi malo ofewa okwanira komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha kuti likwaniritse zofunikira za ntchito zambiri.

Mu nthawi yachizoloweziGalasi lamagetsiKapangidwe kake, kuchuluka kwa silika nthawi zambiri kumakhala 52%−56% (potengera kulemera), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale gawo lalikulu kwambiri la oxide. Imafotokoza zomwe galasi limapanga.

Kugawa kwa Ntchito pakati pa Oxides mu E-Glass:

• SiO2​(Silika): Chigoba chachikulu; imapereka kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake, kutchinjiriza magetsi, kulimba kwa mankhwala, komanso mphamvu.
• Al2​O3​(Alumina): Wothandizira maukonde akale ndi wokhazikikakumawonjezera kukhazikika kwa mankhwala, mphamvu ya makina, komanso kuchepetsa chizolowezi cha devitrification.
• B2​O3​(Boron Oxide): Flux ndi chosinthira katundu; amachepetsa kwambiri kutentha kwa kusungunuka (kusunga mphamvu) pamene akukweza mphamvu za kutentha ndi zamagetsi.
• CaO/MgO(Calcium Oxide/Magnesium Oxide): Kusinthasintha ndi kukhazikika; zimathandiza kusungunula ndikusintha kulimba kwa mankhwala ndi mphamvu zosinthira mphamvu ya vitrification.