Superconductivity ndizochitika zakuthupi momwe kukana kwamagetsi kwa chinthu kumatsika mpaka zero pa kutentha kwina kofunikira.Lingaliro la Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) ndilofotokozera bwino, lomwe limafotokoza za superconductivity muzinthu zambiri.Ilozera kuti Cooper ma electron awiriawiri amapangidwa mu kristalo lattice pa kutentha mokwanira otsika, ndi kuti BCS superconductivity amachokera condensation awo.Ngakhale graphene palokha ndi kondakitala wabwino kwambiri wamagetsi, sichiwonetsa BCS superconductivity chifukwa cha kuponderezedwa kwa electron-phonon interaction.Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma conductor ambiri "abwino" (monga golide ndi mkuwa) ndi "oyipa" superconductors.
Ofufuza ku Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems (PCS) ku Institute of Basic Science (IBS, South Korea) adanenanso njira ina yatsopano yopezera superconductivity mu graphene.Iwo adakwaniritsa izi popereka njira yosakanizidwa yopangidwa ndi graphene ndi mawonekedwe awiri a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC).Kafukufukuyu adasindikizidwa mu nyuzipepala ya 2D Materials.
Dongosolo losakanizidwa lopangidwa ndi ma elekitironi gasi (wosanjikiza pamwamba) mu graphene, wolekanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a Bose-Einstein condensate, oimiridwa ndi ma excitons osalunjika (mitundu yabuluu ndi yofiira).Ma electron ndi excitons mu graphene amaphatikizidwa ndi mphamvu ya Coulomb.
(a) Kudalira kwa kutentha kwa kusiyana kwa superconducting mu njira yapakatin-mediated ndi kukonza kutentha (mzere wokhotakhota) komanso popanda kutentha kwa kutentha (mzere wolimba).(b) Kutentha kofunikira kwa kusintha kwa superconducting monga ntchito ya condensate kachulukidwe kwa mayanjan-mediated interaction ndi (red dashed line) ndi opanda (wakuda olimba mzere) kutentha kutentha.Mzere wa madontho a buluu umasonyeza kutentha kwa kusintha kwa BKT ngati ntchito ya condensate density.
Kuphatikiza pa superconductivity, BEC ndi chodabwitsa china chomwe chimapezeka pa kutentha kochepa.Ndilo gawo lachisanu la zinthu zomwe zinanenedweratu ndi Einstein mu 1924. Mapangidwe a BEC amachitika pamene maatomu otsika mphamvu amasonkhana pamodzi ndi kulowa mu mphamvu yomweyo, yomwe ndi gawo la kafukufuku wochuluka mu fizikiki ya condensed matter.Dongosolo la hybrid la Bose-Fermi limayimira kuyanjana kwa ma elekitironi okhala ndi ma bosons, monga ma excitons osalunjika, ma exciton-polarons, ndi zina zotero.Kuyanjana pakati pa tinthu ta Bose ndi Fermi kudapangitsa kuti pakhale zochitika zosiyanasiyana komanso zochititsa chidwi, zomwe zidapangitsa chidwi cha onse awiri.Mawonekedwe oyambira komanso okhazikika pakugwiritsa ntchito.
Mu ntchitoyi, ochita kafukufuku adanenanso za njira yatsopano yopangira ma graphene, yomwe ili chifukwa cha kugwirizana pakati pa ma electron ndi "bogolons" osati ma phononi mu dongosolo la BCS.Bogolons kapena Bogoliubov quasiparticles ndi excitations mu BEC, amene makhalidwe ena a particles.Mu osiyanasiyana magawo osiyanasiyana, limagwirira amalola superconducting yovuta kutentha mu graphene kufika pamwamba 70 Kelvin.Ofufuza apanganso chiphunzitso chatsopano cha Microscopic BCS chomwe chimayang'ana makamaka pamakina otengera ma graphene osakanizidwa.Chitsanzo chomwe adapereka chimaneneratu kuti zinthu zopangira ma superconducting zitha kuwonjezeka ndi kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kumadalira kusiyana kwa superconducting.
Kuonjezera apo, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti Dirac kupezeka kwa graphene kumasungidwa mu dongosolo linon-mediated.Izi zikuwonetsa kuti njira yopangira ma superconducting iyi imaphatikizapo ma electron omwe ali ndi kufalikira kwa relativistic, ndipo chodabwitsa ichi sichinafufuzidwe bwino mu fizikiki ya zinthu.
Ntchitoyi ikuwonetsa njira ina yopezera superconductivity yotentha kwambiri.Pa nthawi yomweyo, ndi kulamulira katundu wa condensate, tikhoza kusintha superconductivity wa graphene.Izi zikuwonetsa njira ina yoyendetsera zida za superconducting m'tsogolomu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-16-2021 
