Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi kutalika, ulusi wagalasi ukhoza kugawidwa m'magawo a ulusi wopitilira, ulusi wokhazikika ndi ubweya wagalasi; malinga ndi kapangidwe ka galasi, ukhoza kugawidwa m'magawo a fiberglass opanda alkali, kukana mankhwala, alkali wapakati, mphamvu yayikulu, modulus yolimba kwambiri ndi kukana alkali (kukana alkali), ndi zina zotero.
Zipangizo zazikulu zopangira ulusi wagalasi ndi izi: mchenga wa quartz, alumina ndi pyrophyllite, miyala yamwala, dolomite, boric acid, soda ash, mirabilite, fluorite, ndi zina zotero. Njira zopangira zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: chimodzi ndikupanga galasi losungunuka mwachindunji kukhala ulusi; china ndikupanga galasi losungunuka kukhala mipira yagalasi kapena ndodo zokhala ndi mainchesi a 20 mm, kenako ndikutenthetsa ndikusungunula m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti mupange mipira yagalasi kapena ndodo zokhala ndi mainchesi a 3 mpaka 3 mm. Ulusi wopyapyala kwambiri wa 80μm. Ulusi wautali kwambiri womwe umakokedwa ndi njira yojambulira yamakina ya mbale za platinamu amatchedwa ulusi wagalasi wopitilira, womwe umadziwika kuti ulusi wautali. Ulusi wosasinthika wopangidwa ndi ma rollers kapena mpweya woyenda, wotchedwa ulusi wagalasi wokhazikika, womwe umadziwika kuti ulusi waufupi.
Ulusi wagalasi umagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, katundu wake, ndi ntchito zake. Malinga ndi malamulo a mtundu wamba, ulusi wagalasi wa E-grade umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zamagetsi zotetezera kutentha; S-grade ndi ulusi wapadera.
Galasi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga fiberglass ndi losiyana ndi galasi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina zagalasi. Kawirikawiri, kapangidwe ka magalasi ka ulusi womwe wagulitsidwa ndi motere:
Mphamvu yayikulu komanso fiberglass yolimba kwambiri
Imadziwika ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso modulus yapamwamba. Mphamvu yake yolumikizira ulusi umodzi ndi 2800MPa, yomwe ndi yokwera pafupifupi 25% kuposa ulusi wagalasi wopanda alkali, ndipo modulus yake yotanuka ndi 86000MPa, yomwe ndi yokwera kuposa ulusi wagalasi wa E. Zinthu za FRP zomwe zimapangidwa nazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani ankhondo, ndege, njanji yothamanga kwambiri, mphamvu ya mphepo, zida zoteteza zipolopolo ndi zida zamasewera.
Fiberglass ya AR
Ulusi wagalasi wotsutsana ndi alkali, womwe umadziwikanso kuti ulusi wagalasi wotsutsana ndi alkali, ndi chinthu cholimbitsa konkriti yolimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wagalasi (simenti) (yotchedwa GRC), ulusi wapamwamba kwambiri wosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, komanso cholowa m'malo mwa chitsulo ndi asbestos mu simenti yosanyamula katundu. Makhalidwe a ulusi wagalasi wotsutsana ndi alkali ndi kukana bwino kwa alkali, kumatha kukana kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zambiri za alkali mu simenti, mphamvu yogwira mwamphamvu, modulus yolimba kwambiri, kukana kukhudza, mphamvu yokoka ndi kupindika, yosayaka, yosazizira, yosatentha, mphamvu yosintha chinyezi, kukana bwino ming'alu ndi kusalowa, kapangidwe kamphamvu, kupangika kosavuta, ndi zina zotero, ulusi wagalasi wotsutsana ndi alkali ndi mtundu watsopano wa kulimbitsa kobiriwira komanso kosamalira chilengedwe komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu konkriti yolimbikitsidwa kwambiri (simenti).
Galasi la D
Imadziwikanso kuti galasi lopanda dielectric, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ulusi wagalasi wopanda dielectric wokhala ndi mphamvu yabwino ya dielectric.
Kuwonjezera pa zigawo za ulusi wagalasi zomwe zili pamwambapa, ulusi watsopano wagalasi wopanda alkali ulipo tsopano, womwe ulibe boron konse, zomwe zimachepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe, koma mphamvu zake zamagetsi zotetezera kutentha ndi mphamvu zake zamakanika ndizofanana ndi galasi lachikhalidwe la E. Kuphatikiza apo, pali ulusi wagalasi wokhala ndi magalasi awiri, womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ubweya wagalasi, ndipo akuti uli ndi kuthekera kowonjezera fiberglass. Kuphatikiza apo, pali ulusi wagalasi wopanda fluorine, womwe ndi ulusi wagalasi wopanda alkali wopangidwa kuti uteteze chilengedwe.
Kuwonjezera pa zigawo za ulusi wagalasi zomwe zili pamwambapa, ulusi watsopano wagalasi wopanda alkali ulipo tsopano, womwe ulibe boron konse, zomwe zimachepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe, koma mphamvu zake zamagetsi zotetezera kutentha ndi mphamvu zake zamakanika ndizofanana ndi galasi lachikhalidwe la E. Kuphatikiza apo, pali ulusi wagalasi wokhala ndi magalasi awiri, womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ubweya wagalasi, ndipo akuti uli ndi kuthekera kowonjezera fiberglass. Kuphatikiza apo, pali ulusi wagalasi wopanda fluorine, womwe ndi ulusi wagalasi wopanda alkali wopangidwa kuti uteteze chilengedwe.
Mukhoza kugawa fiberglass m'magulu osiyanasiyana, kutengera zipangizo zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwake.
Nazi mitundu 7 yosiyanasiyana ya fiberglass ndi momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito pazinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku:
Galasi la alkali (galasi la A)
Galasi la soda kapena laimu la soda. Ndi mtundu wa fiberglass womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Galasi la alkali limapanga pafupifupi 90% ya magalasi onse opangidwa. Ndi mtundu wodziwika kwambiri ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zotengera zagalasi, monga zitini ndi mabotolo a chakudya ndi zakumwa, ndi magalasi a pawindo.
Ziwiya zophikira zopangidwa ndi galasi la laimu la soda ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha galasi la A. Ndi lotsika mtengo, lotheka kwambiri, komanso lolimba. Ulusi wagalasi wamtundu wa A ukhoza kusungunukanso ndikufewanso kangapo ndipo ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya ulusi wagalasi wobwezeretsanso magalasi.
Galasi la AE kapena AR losagonjetsedwa ndi alkali
Galasi la AE kapena AR limayimira galasi losagonjetsedwa ndi alkali, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa konkire. Ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi zirconia.
Kuwonjezeredwa kwa zirconia, mchere wolimba komanso wosatentha, kumapangitsa fiberglass iyi kukhala yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu konkire. Galasi la AR limaletsa kusweka kwa konkire popereka mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha. Komanso, mosiyana ndi chitsulo, silichita dzimbiri mosavuta.
Galasi la mankhwala
Galasi la C-galasi kapena la mankhwala limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati minofu ya pamwamba pa laminate yakunja kwa mapaipi ndi zotengera zosungira madzi ndi mankhwala. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa calcium borosilicate yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga galasi, imakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu kwa mankhwala m'malo owononga.
C-glass imasunga bwino mankhwala ndi kapangidwe kake m'malo aliwonse ndipo imalimbana ndi mankhwala a alkaline.
Galasi lamagetsi
Ulusi wa galasi lamagetsi (D-glass) umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'zida zamagetsi, ziwiya zophikira, ndi zina zotero. Ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa fiberglass chifukwa cha dielectric constant yake yochepa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa boron trioxide mu kapangidwe kake.
Galasi lamagetsi
Nsalu ya E-glass kapena E-fiberglass ndi muyezo wamakampani womwe umapereka mgwirizano pakati pa magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo. Ndi chinthu chopepuka chophatikizika chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo oyendera ndege, m'madzi ndi m'mafakitale. Kapangidwe ka E-glass ngati ulusi wolimbitsa mphamvu kapangitsa kuti ikhale yotchuka kwambiri pazinthu zamalonda monga zobzala mitengo, ma surfboard, ndi maboti.
Galasi la E-glass mu ulusi wa ubweya wa galasi lingapangidwe kukhala mawonekedwe kapena kukula kulikonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta kwambiri yopangira. Musanayambe kupanga, makhalidwe a ulusi wa E-glass amachititsa kuti ukhale woyera komanso wotetezeka kugwira nawo ntchito.
Galasi yopangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake
Galasi lopangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake (galasi la S) limadziwika ndi mphamvu zake zamakanika. Mayina amalonda a R-galasi, S-galasi ndi T-galasi onse amatanthauza mtundu womwewo wa fiberglass. Poyerekeza ndi ulusi wa E-galasi, lili ndi mphamvu zambiri zokoka komanso modulus. Fiberglass iyi idapangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'makampani oteteza ndi oyendetsa ndege.
Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa zida zolimba za ballistic. Popeza mtundu uwu wa ulusi wagalasi umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale enaake omwe ali ndi zochepa zopangira. Zimatanthauzanso kuti galasi la S lingakhale lokwera mtengo.
Chitsulo cha fiberglass cha Advantex
Mtundu uwu wa fiberglass umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale amafuta, gasi ndi migodi, komanso m'malo opangira magetsi ndi ntchito zam'madzi (njira zotsukira zinyalala ndi madzi otayira). Umaphatikiza mphamvu zamakina ndi zamagetsi za galasi la E ndi kukana dzimbiri kwa ulusi wagalasi wa mtundu wa E, C, ndi R. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe nyumba zimakhala zosavuta kugwidwa ndi dzimbiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-11-2022
