nkhani

Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)ndi chinthu chochita bwino kwambiri chopangidwa kuchokera ku ulusi wagalasi monga chothandizira komanso utomoni wa polima monga matrix, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zenizeni. Mapangidwe ake apakati amakhala ndi ulusi wagalasi (mongaE-galasi, galasi la S, kapena galasi lamphamvu kwambiri la AR) lokhala ndi ma diameter a 5∼25μm ndi matrices a thermosetting ngati epoxy resin, polyester resin, kapena vinyl ester, yokhala ndi gawo la fiber volume yomwe imafika 30% ~70% [1-3]. GFRP imawonetsa zinthu zabwino kwambiri monga mphamvu yeniyeni yopitilira 500 MPa/(g/cm3) ndi modulus yeniyeni yopitilira 25 GPa/(g/cm3), pomwe ilinso ndi mikhalidwe ngati kukana dzimbiri, kukana kutopa, kutsika kwamphamvu kwamafuta ocheperako [(7∼12)×10−6°C ndi maginito-1.

M'munda wamlengalenga, kugwiritsa ntchito GFRP kudayamba m'ma 1950s ndipo tsopano kwakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kapangidwe kake ndikuwongolera mafuta. Kutengera chitsanzo cha Boeing 787, GFRP imawerengera 15% yazinthu zake zomwe sizinali zonyamula katundu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zigawo monga ma fairings ndi mapiko, kukwaniritsa kuchepetsa kulemera kwa 20% ~ 30% poyerekeza ndi ma aluminiyamu achikhalidwe. Miyendo ya pansi ya kanyumba ya Airbus A320 itasinthidwa ndi GFRP, kuchuluka kwa gawo limodzi kunatsika ndi 40%, ndipo magwiridwe ake m'malo achinyezi adayenda bwino. M'gawo la helikopita, mapanelo amkati mwanyumba ya Sikorsky S-92's amagwiritsa ntchito sangweji ya GFRP ya uchi, kuti akwaniritse bwino pakati pa kukana ndi kuzizira kwamoto (mogwirizana ndi FAR 25.853 muyezo). Poyerekeza ndi Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), mtengo wa GFRP umachepetsedwa ndi 50% ~ 70%, zomwe zimapereka phindu lalikulu lazachuma pazinthu zomwe sizimanyamula katundu. Pakadali pano, GFRP ikupanga makina ogwiritsira ntchito gradient okhala ndi mpweya wa kaboni, kulimbikitsa chitukuko chobwerezabwereza cha zida zamlengalenga kuti zikhale zopepuka, moyo wautali, komanso mtengo wotsika.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro azinthu zakuthupi,Mtengo wa GFRPilinso ndi maubwino apamwamba pankhani yopepuka, kutentha, kukana dzimbiri, ndi magwiridwe antchito. Pankhani yopepuka, kuchuluka kwa ulusi wamagalasi kumayambira 1.8∼2.1 g/cm3, yomwe ndi 1/4 yokha yachitsulo ndi 2/3 ya aloyi ya aluminiyamu. Pakuyesa kwa ukalamba wotentha kwambiri, mphamvu yosunga mphamvu idapitilira 85% pambuyo pa maola 1,000 pa 180 ° C. Kuwonjezera apo, GFRP yomizidwa mu njira ya 3.5% ya NaCl kwa chaka chimodzi inasonyeza kutaya mphamvu zosachepera 5%, pamene chitsulo cha Q235 chinali ndi kuwonongeka kwa 12%. Kukaniza kwake kwa asidi kumakhala kodziwika, ndi kusintha kwakukulu kochepera kuposa 0.3% ndi kuchuluka kwa voliyumu kutsika kuposa 0.15% pambuyo pa masiku 30 mu 10% yankho la HCl. Zitsanzo za GFRP zopangidwa ndi Silane zidasungabe mphamvu yopindika yopitilira 90% pambuyo pa maola 3,000.

Mwachidule, chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwake kwapadera kwa zinthu, GFRP imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chinthu chapamlengalenga chogwira ntchito kwambiri popanga ndi kupanga ndege, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pamakampani amakono apamlengalenga komanso chitukuko chaukadaulo.