nkhani

Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)ndi chinthu chogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri chopangidwa kuchokera ku ulusi wagalasi monga cholimbikitsira ndi utomoni wa polima ngati matrix, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zinazake. Kapangidwe kake kapakati kamakhala ndi ulusi wagalasi (mongaGalasi lamagetsi, S-galasi, kapena AR-galasi lamphamvu kwambiri) yokhala ndi mainchesi a 5∼25μm ndi ma matrices a thermosetting monga epoxy resin, polyester resin, kapena vinyl ester, yokhala ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka ulusi komwe nthawi zambiri kamafika 30%∼70% [1-3]. GFRP imawonetsa zinthu zabwino kwambiri monga mphamvu inayake yoposa 500 MPa/(g/cm3) ndi modulus yeniyeni yoposa 25 GPa/(g/cm3), pomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe monga kukana dzimbiri, kukana kutopa, coefficient yochepa ya kutentha [(7∼12)×10−6 °C−1], ndi electromagnetic transparency.

Mu gawo la ndege, kugwiritsa ntchito GFRP kunayamba m'zaka za m'ma 1950 ndipo tsopano kwakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pochepetsa kulemera kwa kapangidwe kake ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta. Potengera chitsanzo cha Boeing 787, GFRP imawerengera 15% ya nyumba zake zomwe sizili zazikulu zonyamula katundu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga ma fairings ndi mapiko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kulemera kuchepe ndi 20% ~ 30% poyerekeza ndi ma alloy a aluminiyamu achikhalidwe. Pambuyo poti matabwa a pansi pa kabati a Airbus A320 asinthidwa ndi GFRP, kulemera kwa gawo limodzi kunachepa ndi 40%, ndipo magwiridwe ake m'malo ozizira adakula kwambiri. Mu gawo la helikopita, mapanelo amkati mwa kabati ya Sikorsky S-92 amagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka sandwich ya uchi wa GFRP, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mgwirizano pakati pa kukana kugwedezeka ndi kuchedwa kwa moto (mogwirizana ndi muyezo wa FAR 25.853). Poyerekeza ndi Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), mtengo wa zinthu zopangira wa GFRP umachepetsedwa ndi 50% ~ 70%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phindu lalikulu pazachuma pazinthu zomwe sizili zofunika kwambiri. Pakadali pano, GFRP ikupanga njira yogwiritsira ntchito zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa kaboni, zomwe zimalimbikitsa chitukuko cha zida zam'mlengalenga kuti zikhale zopepuka, zokhalitsa, komanso zotsika mtengo.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro a zinthu zakuthupi,GFRPIlinso ndi ubwino waukulu pankhani ya kupepuka, kutentha, kukana dzimbiri, ndi magwiridwe antchito. Ponena za kupepuka, kuchuluka kwa ulusi wagalasi kumakhala pakati pa 1.8∼2.1 g/cm3, komwe ndi 1/4 yokha ya chitsulo ndi 2/3 ya aluminiyamu. Mu kuyesa kwa kutentha kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yosungira mphamvu kunapitirira 85% patatha maola 1,000 pa 180 °C. Kuphatikiza apo, GFRP yomizidwa mu yankho la 3.5% NaCl kwa chaka chimodzi inawonetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu kosakwana 5%, pomwe chitsulo cha Q235 chinataya kulemera kwa dzimbiri ndi 12%. Kukana kwake kwa asidi ndikodziwika, ndi kusintha kwa unyinji kotsika kuposa 0.3% ndi kuchuluka kwa kukula kotsika kuposa 0.15% patatha masiku 30 mu yankho la 10% HCl. Zitsanzo za GFRP zothandizidwa ndi silane zinasunga kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yosunga yopindika kopitilira 90% patatha maola 3,000.

Mwachidule, chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwake kwapadera kwa katundu, GFRP imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chida chachikulu choyendetsera ndege popanga ndi kupanga ndege, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pamakampani amakono opanga ndege komanso chitukuko chaukadaulo.