nkhani

1. Kulimba mtima
Mphamvu yolimba ndiyo kupsinjika kwakukulu komwe zinthu zimatha kupirira musanatambasule. Zida zina zopanda brittle zimapunduka zisanachitike, komaKevlar® (aramid) ulusi, ulusi wa carbon, ndi ma E-glass fibers ndi osalimba ndipo amang'ambika popanda kupunduka pang'ono. Kulimba kwamphamvu kumayesedwa ngati mphamvu pagawo lililonse (Pa kapena Pascals).

2. Kachulukidwe ndi Mphamvu-to-Kunenepa Ratio
Poyerekeza kuchulukitsitsa kwa zida zitatuzi, kusiyana kwakukulu mu ulusiwu kumatha kuwoneka. Ngati zitsanzo zitatu za kukula ndi kulemera kwake zipangidwa, zimawonekera mwamsanga kuti Kevlar® fibers ndi yopepuka kwambiri, ndi carbon fibers pafupi sekondi imodzi.E-glass fiberscholemera kwambiri.

3. Modulus ya Achinyamata
Young's modulus ndi muyeso wa kuuma kwa zinthu zotanuka ndipo ndi njira yofotokozera chinthu. Imatanthauzidwa ngati chiŵerengero cha uniaxial (mu njira imodzi) kupsinjika kwa uniaxial strain (kusinthika komweko). Young's modulus = stress/strain, kutanthauza kuti zipangizo zokhala ndi high Young's modulus zimakhala zolimba kusiyana ndi zomwe zili ndi modulus yochepa ya Young.
Kuuma kwa carbon fiber, Kevlar®, ndi galasi fiber zimasiyana kwambiri. Ulusi wa kaboni ndi wouma pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa ulusi wa aramid komanso kulimba kasanu kuposa ulusi wagalasi. Choyipa cha kuuma kwabwino kwa kaboni fiber ndikuti imakhala yolimba kwambiri. Ikalephera, sizimawonetsa kupsinjika kwambiri kapena kupindika.

4. Kutentha ndi kuwonongeka kwa kutentha
Kevlar® ndi carbon fiber zimagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri, ndipo zilibe malo osungunuka. Zida zonsezi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito muzovala zotetezera komanso nsalu zosagwira moto. Fiberglass pamapeto pake imasungunuka, koma imalimbananso kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiri. Zoonadi, ulusi wagalasi wozizira womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba ungathenso kukulitsa moto.
Mpweya wa carbon ndi Kevlar® amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zozimitsa moto kapena zofunda zofunda kapena zovala. Magolovesi a kevlar amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyama kuteteza manja akamagwiritsa ntchito mipeni. Popeza ulusiwo sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri paokha, kukana kutentha kwa matrix (nthawi zambiri epoxy) ndikofunikira. Ukatenthedwa, utomoni wa epoxy umachepetsa msanga.

5. Electrical Conductivity
Carbon fiber imapanga magetsi, koma Kevlar® ndigalasi la fiberglassmusatero.Kevlar® imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukoka mawaya mu nsanja zotumizira. Ngakhale sichimayendetsa magetsi, imatenga madzi ndipo madzi amayendetsa magetsi. Chifukwa chake, zokutira zopanda madzi ziyenera kuyikidwa kwa Kevlar muzochita zotere.

6. Kuwonongeka kwa UV
Mitundu ya Aramididzawonongeka mu kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi malo okwera a UV. Ulusi wa carbon kapena galasi sukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi cheza cha UV. Komabe, ma matrices ena wamba monga epoxy resins amasungidwa padzuwa pomwe amayera ndikutaya mphamvu. Polyester ndi vinyl ester resins ndizovuta kwambiri ku UV, koma zofooka kuposa ma epoxy resins.

7. Kukana kutopa
Ngati mbali ina ikupindika mobwerezabwereza ndi kuwongoka, pamapeto pake imalephera chifukwa cha kutopa.Mpweya wa carbonimakhudzidwa pang'ono ndi kutopa ndipo imakonda kulephera kwambiri, pamene Kevlar® imagonjetsedwa ndi kutopa. Fiberglass ndi penapake pakati.

8. Kukana kwa abrasion
Kevlar® imagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi abrasion, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudula, ndipo imodzi mwa ntchito zomwe Kevlar® amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ndi monga magolovesi otetezera malo omwe manja amatha kudulidwa ndi galasi kapena kumene amagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zakuthwa. Ulusi wa carbon ndi magalasi sumva kupirira.

9. Kukana mankhwala
Mitundu ya Aramidamakhudzidwa ndi ma asidi amphamvu, zoyambira ndi zinthu zina zotulutsa okosijeni (mwachitsanzo, sodium hypochlorite), zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa ulusi. Blechi wamba wa chlorine (monga Clorox®) ndi hydrogen peroxide sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi Kevlar®. Blechi ya okosijeni (mwachitsanzo sodium perborate) itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kuwononga ulusi wa aramid.

10. Thupi kugwirizana katundu
Kuti ulusi wa kaboni, Kevlar® ndi galasi zigwire bwino ntchito, ziyenera kusungidwa m'malo mwa matrix (nthawi zambiri utomoni wa epoxy). Chifukwa chake, kuthekera kwa epoxy kulumikizana ndi ulusi wosiyanasiyana ndikofunikira.
Onse kaboni ndigalasi ulusiikhoza kumamatira ku epoxy, koma chomangira cha aramid fiber-epoxy sichiri cholimba monga momwe chimafunira, ndipo kuchepetsedwa kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti madzi alowemo. Chotsatira chake, kumasuka komwe ma aramid fibers amatha kuyamwa madzi, kuphatikizapo kusagwirizana kosayenera ku epoxy, kumatanthauza kuti ngati pamwamba pa kevlar® composite yawonongeka ndipo madzi amatha kulowa, ndiye Kevlar® akhoza kuyamwa madzi pamodzi ndi ulusi ndikufooketsa gululo.

11. Mtundu ndi nsalu
Aramid ndi golide wopepuka mwachilengedwe, amatha kukhala amitundu ndipo tsopano amabwera mumithunzi yambiri yabwino. Fiberglass imabweranso m'mitundu yamitundu.Mpweya wa carbonnthawi zonse imakhala yakuda ndipo imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi mtundu wa aramid, koma sichingadzipaka yokha.