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Ulusi wagalasi wochita bwino kwambiriZapangidwa mogwirizana ndi zigawo ndi njira zagalasi, zomwe pamapeto pake zikuwonetsa ubwino waukulu kuposa ulusi wagalasi wachikhalidwe wa E mu zizindikiro zazikulu monga mphamvu yamakina, elastic modulus, kukana kutentha, kukana dzimbiri kwa mankhwala, ndi mphamvu za dielectric. Chifukwa cha kufunikira kwakukulu kwa magwiridwe antchito azinthu m'magwiritsidwe apamwamba monga mphamvu ya mphepo, ndege, ndi kulumikizana kwamagetsi, ulusi wagalasi wochita bwino kwambiri wakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale atsopano.

1. Ulusi wa Galasi Wamphamvu Kwambiri

Galasi la S limadziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zapamwamba, modulus, komanso kukana kwake kugwedezeka. Chidule cha mitundu yayikulu ya ulusi wagalasi wochita bwino kwambiri

Mphamvu yake yokoka ndi yokwera ndi 30%–40% kuposa ya E-glass, elastic modulus yake ndi yokwera ndi 16%–20%, ndipo kukana kutentha kwake kumawonjezeka ndi 100–150°C. Makhalidwe amenewa amawapangitsa kukhala chinthu chomwe chimakonda kwambiri m'magawo ogwira ntchito bwino monga ndege ndi zida zodzitetezera. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuyambitsidwa kwa ma nanotubes a carbon ngati chowonjezera kwawonjezera kulimba kwapakati pa laminar ndi kukana kwa delamination kwa ma S-glass/epoxy laminates, zomwe zimapereka njira zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito m'makampani opanga ndege ndi magalimoto.
2. Ulusi wagalasi wamphamvu kwambiri, wokhala ndi modulus wambiri
Galasi la R limapeza mphamvu zabwino kwambiri, kusinthasintha, ndi kukana kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale ulusi wolimbikitsira wabwino kwambiri pazinthu zambiri zophatikizika bwino. Monga galasi la S, galasi la R limawonetsa kukana kutopa kwambiri; zophatikizika zolimbikitsidwa ndi galasi la R zimasonyeza kutopa kopitilira nthawi khumi kuposa zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa ndi galasi la E. Kuphatikiza kwa zinthu kumeneku kumapangitsa galasi la R kukhala loyenera kwambiri pa ntchito zomangira zomwe zimafuna mawonekedwe opepuka, kulimba kwambiri, komanso kulimba, monga zida zomangira ndege, zida zamafakitale zapamwamba, ndi zida zamasewera.
3. Ulusi wagalasi wokhala ndi modulus yayikulu
Galasi la HME limapeza kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa ma modulus otambalala kudzera mu luso la kapangidwe kake komanso kukonza bwino njira. Mwachitsanzo, ulusi wagalasi woyambirira wa M2 wokhala ndi modulus yayikulu (wochokera ku dongosolo la SiO2-Al2O3-MgO, wokhala ndi zowonjezera monga CeO2, La2O3, ndi ZrO2 kuti uwonjezere modulus) unafika pa modulus yotambalala ya 93 GPa—pafupifupi 30% kuposa ya E-glass. Ulusi woterewu ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza masamba akuluakulu a turbine yamphepo ndi zombo zopanikizika zosagwira dzimbiri. Pakati pa chizolowezi chopita ku masamba akuluakulu a turbine yamphepo, galasi la HME lakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga ma spars akuluakulu a masamba opitilira mamita 100 kutalika. "Ulusi wa mphamvu yamphepo ya modulus yapamwamba kwambiri" wopangidwa ndi makampani akunyumba wayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri; pambuyo poyesa kutopa kwa maulendo opitilira 1.5 miliyoni, ukupitilizabe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zolimba zodalirika pazinthu za masamba a turbine yamphepo. Kafukufuku wamsika akusonyeza kuti msika wapadziko lonse wa ulusi wagalasi wokhala ndi modulus wambiri womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu thermoplastics yolimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi (FRTP) ukuyembekezeka kukula pamlingo wakukula kwa pachaka (CAGR) wa 5.3%, kufika pamsika wa US $1.231 biliyoni pofika chaka cha 2031, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwakukulu m'magawo monga mphamvu ya mphepo ndi zopepuka zamagalimoto.
4. Ulusi wagalasi wopanda dielectric wambiri
Galasi la D-glass lili ndi kutayika kwa dielectric kochepa kwambiri komanso kotsika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale chinthu choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi pafupipafupi. Kufunika kwa msika kukukwera pang'onopang'ono pamodzi ndi chitukuko cha 5G/6G, AI computing, ndi ukadaulo wolumikizirana ndi satellite. Mabizinesi akuluakulu akunyumba akupititsa patsogolo kwambiri kufalikira kwa zinthuzi komanso ukadaulo. Mwachitsanzo, ulusi wagalasi wa ultra-low dielectric (LDK 2nd generation) ndi nsalu zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za ma laminates apamwamba, othamanga kwambiri, komanso ovala mkuwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kulumikizana kwa 6G, ma seva a AI, ndi ma satellite otsika a Earth orbit (LEO). Ponena za chithandizo cha mfundo, madipatimenti asanu ndi limodzi aboma—kuphatikiza Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo Wazidziwitso—adapereka lingaliro momveka bwino mu “Ndondomeko Yogwira Ntchito Yokulitsa Kokhazikika mu Makampani Ogulitsa Zipangizo Zomangira (2025–2026)” kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zagalasi za dielectric zochepa kulimbikitsidwe m'magawo monga ziwonetsero za m'badwo wotsatira ndi ma circuits ophatikizidwa. Izi zimapereka chitsogozo chomveka bwino cha chitukuko cha makampani ndikukulitsa kuthekera kwake pamsika.
5. Ulusi wagalasi wopanda boron, fluorine, komanso wopanda alkali
Ngakhale kuti imasunga zinthu zofunika kwambiri za E-glass, Advantex® imawonjezera kwambiri kukana dzimbiri komanso ubwino wa chilengedwe pochotsa zinthu zoopsa monga boron ndi fluorine. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera m'malo ovuta a mafakitale komanso ntchito zokhazikika, kuphatikizapo malo otetezera chilengedwe (monga njira zochotsera mpweya woipa), mapaipi oletsa kuwononga chilengedwe m'makampani opanga mankhwala, komanso gawo loyendetsa katundu.
6. Ulusi wagalasi wosagwira alkali
Kudzera mu kapangidwe kake kapadera, galasi la AR limapirira bwino malo okhala ndi mchere wambiri wa simenti. Limagwira ntchito ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cholimbitsa chomwe chimalola zinthu zopepuka, zolimba, komanso zooneka ngati simenti, monga konkriti yolimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wagalasi. Ulusi uwu wapangidwira makamaka kupanga mapanelo opepuka a makoma, zokutira zakunja, ndi zinthu zokonzedwa kale; zimapirira bwino malo okhala ndi mchere wambiri wopangidwa ndi zinthu zosungunuka ndi simenti ndipo zimasunga kulimba kwa nthawi yayitali, motero zimapititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wamakono womanga.

Kudzera mu kapangidwe kake kopangidwa ndi kukonza njira, ulusi wagalasi wochita bwino kwambiri umakwaniritsa zofunikira pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa zinthu zapadera komanso zapamwamba. Pamene ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo komanso madera ogwiritsira ntchito akuchulukirachulukira, ulusi wagalasi wochita bwino kwambiri udzakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukweza mafakitale ndi chitukuko chokhazikika. Zochitika zamtsogolo zikuphatikizapo: kukulitsa masamba a turbine yamphepo zomwe zimapangitsa kufunikira kwa ulusi wagalasi wopangidwa ndi modulus wapamwamba; ukadaulo wolumikizirana wa 5G/6G womwe ukulimbikitsa kupanga ulusi wagalasi wochepa; mfundo zachilengedwe zomwe zikulimbikitsa chitukuko cha ulusi wagalasi wosamalira chilengedwe (monga, wopanda boron ndi fluorine); ndi kupanga mwanzeru komwe kungathandize kukonza njira zopangira. Monga gawo lofunikira la gawo latsopano la zipangizo, ulusi wagalasi wochita bwino kwambiri ukuyendetsa makampani opanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti agwire bwino ntchito komanso kuti chilengedwe chikhale cholimba, kupereka chithandizo chofunikira pakupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wamakono wamafakitale.